Fabrication of Microcrystalline Cellulose From Waste Paper as Potential Eco-Friendly Cellulose Aerogel Material
Online First: 12/05/2026
Email tác giả liên hệ:
thanhnc@hcmute.edu.vnDOI:
https://doi.org/10.54644/jte.2026.2000Từ khóa:
Waste paper, Microcrystalline cellulose, Alkaline hydrogen peroxide, Acid hydrolysis, Cellulose aerogelTóm tắt
Waste paper was a raw material with a relatively high cellulose content, ranging from 40–80%. It was also an abundant feedstock that had already undergone partial processing to remove lignin, which provided advantages for cellulose extraction. In this study, microcrystalline cellulose was successfully extracted through a chemical route using a NaOH/H₂O₂ reaction system followed by hydrolysis with H₂SO₄. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results revealed that, after chemical treatment, the surface of the obtained microcrystalline cellulose became smooth, and no impurities were observed. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed absorption peaks at wavenumbers corresponding to the vibrational modes of O–H, C–H, and C–O bonds, which were characteristic of the chemical structure of cellulose. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the microcrystalline cellulose exhibited higher diffraction intensity compared to those of the raw material. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that the extracted microcrystalline cellulose possessed greater thermal stability than the original waste paper. Finally, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis showed that the cellulose aerogel fabricated from microcrystalline cellulose had a specific surface area of 0.711 m²/g, a BJH pore volume of 0.003424 cm³/g, and an average pore diameter of 34.99 nm. These results demonstrate that microcrystalline cellulose obtained from waste paper is a promising raw material for the fabrication of environmentally friendly cellulose aerogels applicable in diverse fields.
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